Diet is the most important component of gastritis treatment.Depending on some features of the disease, for example, stomach acidity, as well as the presence of erosive, atrophic and other forms, the diet may differ depending on what can and cannot be included in the menu.
If a person has an unbalanced diet, periodically drinks alcohol, smokes and often experiences severe stress, he will inevitably develop a pathology such as gastritis.It is a disease that causes inflammation of the stomach lining, which compromises its integrity.As a result, various unpleasant symptoms appear, the main of which is acute pain in the upper abdomen.In addition, there is bloating, belching, nausea and vomiting, decreased or complete loss of appetite, which often leads to weight loss.Gastritis of the stomach comes in many forms, including those that can be caused by an infectious environment, but in any case, a healthy diet is necessary for successful treatment.It is necessary not only to change the diet, to decide what is possible and what is not, but also to change the very principles of nutrition, to create it with a stable menu for the whole week, dividing the total amount of food into 5-6 dishes.During an exacerbation, the diet should be tightened;in addition, there are certain nuances if gastritis is characterized by high or low acidity.
What can and can't be done with gastritis?
The main nutritional differences will be determined by the level of acidity.Which indicator is determined for a specific patient during diagnosis before treatment.
Increased acidity
In the case of increased acidity, which occurs most often, three basic principles must be followed:
- Mechanical.It defines the prohibition of fried food;in addition, coarse fibers such as bran bread, ruta, turnip and strips of meat are not allowed.
- Chemical.It states to avoid foods that stimulate the release of hydrochloric acid needed for the digestive process, such as soda, alcohol, citrus fruits.In addition, concentrated meat and fish broths are prohibited.
- Thermal.It consists of eating at the optimum temperature, which is usually between 16 and 55 degrees Celsius.If the food is hotter or colder, then with gastritis it causes irritation of the esophagus, which increases the time of food absorption and, accordingly, increases the stress on the stomach.
If the environment in the stomach is characterized as acidic, then low-fat fish and meat types, fermented milk products, eggs, which can be served as an omelette or soft-boiled, are suitable for the diet.In addition, the diet can include peeled tomatoes, boiled zucchini, potatoes, etc.
Low acidity
The diet for gastritis with reduced acidity includes foods that stimulate the release of enzymes that ensure greater digestion.To do this, it is also important to normalize the order of eating food.This must be done slowly;it is important to spend at least half a minute chewing one portion of food, and the eating process should last at least half an hour.Significantly improves the secretion of hydrochloric acid when drinking slightly carbonated mineral water;200 ml of this water should be drunk each time before meals.A variety of fruits and vegetables are allowed, which must be eaten immediately after a meal, since snacking during the diet is prohibited.Fruits and vegetables should be chosen light, based on the principle of the absence of hard fibers.To further facilitate the digestion process, it is better to peel the fruit in advance and eat only the pulp.
Low acidity has some advantages over high acidity.Small amounts of chocolate products, light soups and broths, and river fish, mushrooms, and lean meat, including rabbit and veal, are allowed.Dairy products are allowed, but milk itself is best avoided.
What is not allowed?
If you have gastritis with any acidity, you should not use:
- Baking;
- Chocolate products;
- Fried, spicy food;
- alcoholic beverages;
- Food rich in vegetable or animal fat;
- Vinegar.
How to eat during an exacerbation - weekly menu
In case of an exacerbation, a compromise should be found and the body receives all the necessary nutrients and microelements, but the nutrition is neutral and does not irritate the inflamed mucosa.In such a situation, you need to help digestion as much as possible so that it happens very quickly.To do this, you should try to grind all the food as much as possible, and only use boiling or steaming for cooking.
It is important that the prepared menu is not only balanced and gentle, but also strictly followed by eating at a strictly set time every day.The intervals between doses should not be longer than three hours, otherwise the stomach will empty and the exacerbation will only intensify.It cannot be conveyed because it is full of stomach stagnation.In the evenings, you should eat no later than three to four hours before going to bed.
Oddly enough, during the period of exacerbation, it is recommended to spend the first day on an empty stomach.But the stomach still needs to be filled.To do this, you need to drink a lot of still water and weakly brewed tea.Any liquid you drink should be warm.From the second day, liquid porridges and mashed potatoes with water are allowed.In addition, boiled eggs and non-concentrated soup with grated vegetables will be useful.When gastritis is aggravated, foods rich in fat should be completely eliminated from the diet, as their decomposition is very slow.
Menu for the week
Monday and Wednesday:
- Breakfast of oatmeal and compote;
- The second time you can have steamed cheesecakes for breakfast;
- Lunch consists of mashed potatoes, vegetable soup with breadcrumbs, boiled fish, compote;
- Afternoon snack - cookies with light tea;
- Dinner - a side dish of pasta with steamed lean meat cutlets, light tea.
Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday:
- Breakfast consists of baked apples, cheesecakes and compote;
- For the second time, have breakfast with a glass of jelly;
- Lunch should be with vegetable broth, steamed fish, mineral water from gas;
- Afternoon snack is allowed with unsweetened light tea with white bread crackers;
- Cottage cheese stew and compote for dinner.
Friday, Sunday:
- Breakfast should be eaten with eggs boiled for 5-6 minutes, washed with compote;
- For second breakfast, eat cheesecakes with tea;
- Lunch: vegetable stew, mashed potato soup, jelly;
- Afternoon snack - a glass of kefir with crackers;
- Dinner should be boiled fish with porridge on the water.
Diet No. 1 for gastritis
Diet No. 1 is considered quite strict.However, its use is a necessary measure, because it is very important to restore normal digestion and not to irritate the stomach lining when suffering from gastritis or an ulcer.This diet is prescribed after the exacerbation phase of the disease.Of the cooking methods, only boiling, steaming and baking can be used.It is very important to reduce the amount of salt consumed, because its presence negatively affects the condition of the inner surface of the stomach;in addition, salt slows down the elimination of water from the body.
Diet no.1 involves dividing the daily ration into five to six small portions.The total amount of calories consumed cannot exceed 2000.
Among the main dishes that should be included in the diet no.1, are the following:
- Vegetable soup.The vegetable base can be replaced with vermicelli or rice;
- Lean meat and fish without veins and other hard-to-digest elements;
- Bread products should be consumed yesterday, dried, also in the form of crackers.
In moderation, you can eat fermented milk products, such as cottage cheese, yogurt, skim milk.
Do not use while following diet No. 1:
- Rye bread;
- Mushroom and meat soups - you will have to give up okroshka, borscht, cabbage soup;
- Smoked products;
- Pickled cucumbers;
- Fish and other canned goods.
Diet for erosive form
Gastritis is called erosive when the disease causes erosion of the stomach, called an ulcer.An ulcer is a more serious disease that can lead to very serious consequences, including, for example, peritonitis, when due to erosion of the wall, a hole gradually appears, due to which the contents of the stomach enter the abdominal cavity.This situation is fraught with death without immediate surgical treatment.
The causes of erosion along with the effects of Helicobacter Pylori infection are exposure to substances or excessively acidic gastric juices.So, with erosive gastritis, it is very important to eat well to slow down and reverse the ulceration process.
If the patient has erosive gastritis, the diet should be based on the following principles:
- The foods consumed must minimally irritate the stomach wall and prevent an increase in acidity;
- You should always eat liquid, warm, pureed food.At the same time, it is necessary to reduce the amount of fat and salt in the diet;
- Giving up bad habits, spices, soda;
- Vegetables should be cooked by heat treatment;
- The main focus should be on soups and cereals.
Diet and menu if the patient has atrophic gastritis
The atrophic form is quite difficult to diagnose because there are no symptoms in the early phase of the pathology.Among the few signs of the disease, belching after fried and fatty food, which smells very unpleasant, can be noticed.In addition, the inevitable companions of atrophic gastritis are general weakness, brittle legs and hair, skin problems.
Atrophic gastritis sets serious restrictions on the list of what is possible and what is not.In your diet you should avoid:
- Black bread products, baked goods;
- Smoked dishes;
- Mushrooms in any form;
- Peas, beans;
- Canned food;
- Uncooked fruits and vegetables;
- soda, including mineral water;
- Milk.
Like other diets for gastritis, cooking methods such as baking and smoking are completely prohibited during the atrophic stage.You can boil, steam or fry food to make it ready to eat
With atrophic gastritis, it is important to eat:
- Pureed vegetable soups;
- Various porridges on water;
- Boiled lean meat, very finely chopped;
- Skimmed milk derivatives;
- boiled eggs;
- Unleavened white bread, crackers;
- heat-treated fruits and vegetables;
- Butter;
- For dessert, you can treat yourself to marmalade, jelly and mousse.